Curcumin is a major constituent of rhizomes of Curcuma longa that elicits beneficial effects for oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to investigate whether curcumin could attenuate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2
Persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) is a congenital developmental anomaly of the eye that accounts for about 5% of childhood blindness. The molecular mechanism of PFV remains unclear. As a glycosyltransferase o...
Authors: Min Zhou, Herui Wang, Hui Ren, Rui Jiang, Chi Zhang, Xiaohui Wu and Gezhi Xu
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy as the major treatment for advanced disease. Many patients with advanced colorectal cance...
Authors: Lining Zhang, Ruolan Song, Dongsheng Gu, Xiaoli Zhang, Beiqin Yu, Bingya Liu and Jingwu Xie
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of HCC. Previous studies have demonstrated that expre...
Authors: Qiushuang Xiong, Shaoshuai Wu, Jingwen Wang, Xianhuang Zeng, Jianwen Chen, Mingcong Wei, Haotong Guan, Chengpeng Fan, Lang Chen, Deyin Guo and Guihong Sun
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) modulates chromatin status through demethylation of H3K4 and H3K9. It has been demonstrated that LSD1 is hyperphosphorylated and dissociates from chromatin during m...
Authors: Bin Peng, Ruifeng Shi, Weiwei Jiang, Yue-He Ding, Meng-Qiu Dong, Wei-Guo Zhu and Xingzhi Xu
Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling plays critical roles in the differentiation, growth, metabolism, and physiological function of all organs or tissues, including heart and skeletal muscle. Due to the significant ...
Authors: Duo Zhang, Yan Li, Shengnan Liu, Yu-cheng Wang, Feifan Guo, Qiwei Zhai, Jingjing Jiang and Hao Ying
Thyroid hormone (T3) has been suggested to participate in the regulation of herpesvirus replication during reactivation. Clinical observations and in vivo experiments suggest that T3 are involved in the suppressi...
Authors: Robert W. Figliozzi, Feng Chen and S. Victor Hsia
As a key enzyme for gene expression, RNA polymerase II (pol II) reads along the DNA template and catalyzes accurate mRNA synthesis during transcription. On the other hand, genomic DNA is under constant attack ...
Persistent dysregulation of the DNA damage response and repair in cells causes genomic instability. The resulting genetic changes permit alterations in growth and proliferation observed in virtually all cancer...
Authors: Anna Palovcak, Wenjun Liu, Fenghua Yuan and Yanbin Zhang
Accumulating evidence implicates Zika virus (ZIKV) in pathogenesis of microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. However, it remains unclear which viral proteins are responsible for these ...
The cereal cyst nematode (CCN, Heterodera avenae) is a devastating pathogen of wheat and barley crops in many countries. We aimed to prioritize genetic and molecular targets for H. avenae control via the powerful...
Authors: Dan Yang, Changlong Chen, Qian Liu and Heng Jian
Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes severe hand, foot and mouse disease, accompanied by neurological complications. During the interaction between EV71 and the host, the virus subverts host cell machinery for i...
Authors: Bingfei Zhou, Min Chu, Shanshan Xu, Xiong Chen, Yongjuan Liu, Zhihao Wang, Fengfeng Zhang, Song Han, Jun Yin, Biwen Peng, Xiaohua He and Wanhong Liu
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most deleterious type of DNA damage in cells arising from endogenous and exogenous attacks on the genomic DNA. Timely and properly repair of DSBs is important for genomi...
HIV-1 protease (PR) is an essential enzyme for viral production. Thus, PR inhibitors (PIs) are the most effective class of anti-HIV drugs. However, the main challenge to the successful use of PI drugs in patie...
Authors: Zsigmond Benko, Dong Liang, Ge Li, Robert T. Elder, Anindya Sarkar, Jun Takayama, Arun K. Ghosh and Richard Y. Zhao
Zfp819, a member of the Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) family, encodes a spermatogenic cell-specific transcription factor. Zfp819-overexpression induces apoptosis and inhibits prolifera...
Authors: Sora Jin, Heejin Choi, Jun Tae Kwon, Jihye Kim, Juri Jeong, Jaehwan Kim, Seong Hyeon Hong and Chunghee Cho
Massive liquid crystal droplets have been found during embryonic development in more than twenty different tissues and organs, including the liver, brain and kidney. Liquid crystal deposits have also been iden...
Authors: MengMeng Xu, Odell D. Jones, Liyang Wang, Xin Zhou, Harry G. Davis, Joseph L. Bryant, Jianjie Ma, Willian B. Isaacs and Xuehong Xu
Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells has been extensively investigated with regards to different aspects, including the analysis of cell intracellular and extracellular proteome, cell gene expr...
Authors: Jakub Grzesiak, Agnieszka Śmieszek and Krzysztof Marycz
Antimicrotubule agent vincristine (VCR) has long been known as an alternative treatment for frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS). However, the mechanism is unknow...
Authors: Lei Yin, Youying Mao, Hejie Song, Ye Wang, Wei Zhou and Zhen Zhang
The addition of mono-ubiquitin or poly-ubiquitin chain to signaling proteins in response to DNA damage signal is thought to be a critical event that facilitates the recognition of DNA damage lesion site, the a...
Authors: Mingjing He, Zhuan Zhou, Anil A. Shah, Haojing Zou, Jin Tao, Qianming Chen and Yong Wan
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) originates from skeletal muscle precursors that fail to differentiate. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling and primary cilia contribute to the pathobiology of RMS.
Authors: Xiaotong Liu, Qiuhong Shen, Tingting Yu, Huijie Huang, Ziyu Zhang, Jie Ding, Ying Tang, Ning Xu and Shen Yue
The generation of mutants and transgenes are indispensible for biomedical research. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a series of methods have been developed to introduce genome modifications, including ran...
Authors: Xiangyang Chen, Xuezhu Feng and Shouhong Guang
One of the two common hallmark lesions of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains is neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau). NFTs are also a defining feature of o...
Authors: Onder Albayram, Megan K. Herbert, Asami Kondo, Cheng-Yu Tsai, Sean Baxley, Xiaolan Lian, Madison Hansen, Xiao Zhen Zhou and Kun Ping Lu
Regulating cardiac differentiation to maintain normal heart development and function is very important. At present, biological functions of H19 in cardiac differentiation is not completely clear.
Authors: Yu Han, Hongdang Xu, Jiangtao Cheng, Yanwei Zhang, Chuanyu Gao, Taibing Fan, Bangtian Peng, Bin Li, Lin Liu and Zhaoyun Cheng
The ability to transform normal human cells into cancer cells with the introduction of defined genetic alterations is a valuable method for understanding the mechanisms of oncogenesis. Easy establishment of im...
Authors: Jordan L. Smith, Liam C. Lee, Abigail Read, Qiuning Li, Bing Yu, Chih-Shia Lee and Ji Luo
The serine/threonine kinase MAP4K4 is a member of the Ste20p (sterile 20 protein) family. MAP4K4 was initially discovered in 1995 as a key kinase in the mating pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and was later fo...
Authors: Xuan Gao, Chenxi Gao, Guoxiang Liu and Jing Hu
Somatic mutations of KIT are frequently found in mastocytosis and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), while germline mutations of KIT are rare, and only found in few cases of familial GIST and mastocytosis....
Authors: Hengning Ke, Julhash U. Kazi, Hui Zhao and Jianmin Sun
3-Nitro-4-hydroxy phenyl arsenic acid, roxarsone, is widely used as an organic arsenic feed additive for livestock and poultry, which may increase the level of arsenic in the environment and the risk of exposu...
Authors: Yujing Wang, Donglai Yin, Chao Xu, Kai Wang, Lingmin Zheng and Yumei Zhang
Cancer incidence and mortality have been increasing in China, making cancer the leading cause of death since 2010 and a major public health concern in the country. Cancer stem cells have been studied in relati...
Authors: Zhiwei Xing, Lan Yu, Xian Li and Xiulan Su
Enzyme catalysis has been studied for over a century. How it actually occurs has not been visualized until recently. By combining in crystallo reaction and X-ray diffraction analysis of reaction intermediates,...
Aside from its importance in reproduction, estrogen (E2) is known to regulate the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in rodents. However, the regulatory role of E2 in human hematopoi...
Authors: Hye-Ryun Kim, Jong-Hee Lee, Hye-Ryeon Heo, Se-Ran Yang, Kwon-Soo Ha, Won Sun Park, Eun-Taek Han, Haengseok Song and Seok-Ho Hong
The involvement of Wnt in carcinogenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer is currently intensely discussed. We evaluated activation of the Wnt signaling pathway by using a Wnt reporter mouse strain express...
Authors: Dietmar Zechner, Tim Kroemer, Ann-Christin Albert, Maria Schönrogge, Tobias Radecke and Brigitte Vollmar
The Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases plays important roles in neural development. Previous studies have implicated Eph receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, in neuronal migration, axon bundling and ...
Authors: Gitanjali Das, Qili Yu, Ryan Hui, Kenneth Reuhl, Nicholas W. Gale and Renping Zhou
General control non-depressible 5 (GCN5) is a crucial catalytic component of a transcriptional regulatory complex that plays important roles in cellular functions from cell cycle regulation to DNA damage repai...
Authors: Sidra Majaz, Zhangwei Tong, Kesong Peng, Wei Wang, Wenjing Ren, Ming Li, Kun Liu, Pingli Mo, Wengang Li and Chundong Yu
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a fast-growing silent epidemic that is present in both developed and developing countries. Initially thought as a benign deposition of lipids in the liver, it now h...
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being discovered as a novel family of regulators of gene expression at the epigenetic level. Emerging lines of evidence demonstrate that interplays between lncRNAs and DNA me...
The complications of clinical metastatic disease are responsible for the majority of breast cancer related deaths, and fewer therapies substantially prolong survival. Nitidine chloride (NC), a natural polyphen...
Authors: Mingjuan Sun, Ning Zhang, Xiaolong Wang, Yaming Li, Wenwen Qi, Hanwen Zhang, Zengjun Li and Qifeng Yang
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by excessive synovial inflammation. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) into prostaglandins. Epithelium-speci...
Authors: Chan-Mi Lee, Sahil Gupta, Jiafeng Wang, Elizabeth M. Johnson, Leslie J. Crofford, John C. Marshall, Mohit Kapoor and Jim Hu
The single-stranded RNA Flavivirus, Zika virus (ZIKV), has recently re-emerged and spread rapidly across the western hemisphere’s equatorial countries, primarily through Aedes mosquito transmission. While symptom...
Authors: Alyssa J. Rolfe, Dale B. Bosco, Jingying Wang, Richard S. Nowakowski, Jianqing Fan and Yi Ren
Concerted hormone secretion is essential for glucose homeostasis and growth. The oocyte testis gene 1 (Otg1) has limited information in mammals before. Human OTG1 has been identified as an antigen associated with...
Authors: Guangxue Wang, Rongbo Li, Ying Yang, Liang Cai, Sheng Ding, Tian Xu, Min Han and Xiaohui Wu
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) plays several important roles in vasodilation, neurotransmission, neuromodulation and neurotrophy, as well as activation of the trigeminovascular syst...
Authors: Lei Hou, Dongjun Wan, Zhao Dong, Wenjing Tang, Xun Han, Li Li, Fei Yang and Shengyuan Yu
The nematode Radopholus similis is an important migratory endoparasite of plants. Cysteine proteinases such as cathepsin S (CPS) play key roles during embryonic development, invasion, and pathogenesis in nematode...
Authors: Ke Wang, Yu Li, Xin Huang, Dong-wei Wang, Chun-ling Xu and Hui Xie
Leiomodin proteins, Lmod1, Lmod2 and Lmod3, are key regulators of the thin filament length in muscles. While Lmod1 is specifically expressed in smooth muscles, both Lmod2 and Lmod3 are expressed in striated muscl...
Authors: Shuang Li, Kaiqi Mo, Hong Tian, Chen Chu, Shuna Sun, Lei Tian, Sheng Ding, Tong-ruei Li, Xiaohui Wu, Fang Liu, Zhen Zhang, Tian Xu and Ling V. Sun
Diabetes mellitus has multiple complications including neuropathy and increases cardiovascular events. Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside, plays an essential role in neuroprotection and ischemic heart ...
Authors: Fei Han, Dongchen Zhou, Xiang Yin, Zewei Sun, Jie Han, Lifang Ye, Wengting Zhao, Yuanyuan Zhang, Zhen Wang and Liangrong Zheng
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation in response to hyperglycemia is an important process in the development of arterial vessel hyperplasia. The shape change of mitochondria is dynamic and closely ...
Authors: Aili Sun, Yan Wang, Jiaqi Liu, Xiangjing Yu, Yu Sun, Fan Yang, Shiyun Dong, Jichao Wu, Yajun Zhao, Changqing Xu, Fanghao Lu and Weihua Zhang
Genetic aberrations have been identified in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. There are increasing evidences that the apoptotic nuclease caspase-activated deoxy...
Authors: Sang-Nee Tan, Sai-Peng Sim and Alan S. B. Khoo
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of blood cancers that boost normal blood cell production in the bone marrow. Abnormal mutations in stem cells were found accompanying with the occurrence of MPN. ...
Authors: Chunjie Yu, Qiong Yang, Yuhong Chen, Demin Wang, Ross Levine, John Crispino, Qiang Wen and Zan Huang
Excessive autophagy induced by extravagant oxidative stress is the main reason for diabetes-induced vascular endothelial cells dysfunction. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has anti-oxidative effects but its regulation on ...
Authors: Jiaqi Liu, Jichao Wu, Aili Sun, Yu Sun, Xiangjing Yu, Ning Liu, Shiyun Dong, Fan Yang, Linxue Zhang, Xin Zhong, Changqing Xu, Fanghao Lu and Weihua Zhang
Molecular characterization of individual patients’ tumor cells is becoming increasingly important in offering effective treatment for patients in clinical practice. Recent advances in the field have indicated ...
Authors: Jia-Cheng Tang, Yi-Li Feng, Tao Guo, An-Yong Xie and Xiu-Jun Cai
