Table 2 Common protein components of exosomes
From: Exosomes: biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential
Protein category and description | Examples |
|---|---|
Tetraspanins | CD9, CD63, CD81, CD82, CD37, CD53 |
Heat shock proteins (HSP) | HSP90, HSP70, HSP27, HSP60 |
Cell adhesion | Integrins, Lactadherin, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 |
Antigen presentation | Human leukocyte antigen class I and II/peptide complexes |
Multivesicular body Biogenesis | Tsg101, Alix, Vps, Rab proteins |
Membrane transport | Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1/2, CD13, PG regulatory-like protein |
Signaling proteins | GTPase HRas, Ras-related protein, furloss, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Src homology 2 domain phosphatase, GDP dissociation inhibitor, Syntenin-1, 14-3-3 Proteins, Transforming protein RhoA |
Cytoskeleton components | Actins, Cofilin-1, Moesin, Myosin, Tubulins, Erzin, Radixin, Vimentin |
Transcription and protein synthesis | Histone1, 2, 3, Ribosomal proteins, Ubiquitin, major vault protein, Complement factor 3 |
Metabolic enzymes | Fatty acid synthase Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 ATP citrate lyase ATPase Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Peroxiredoxin 1 Aspartate aminotransferase Aldehyde reductase |
Trafficking and membrane fusion | Ras-related protein 5, 7 Annexins I, II, IV, V, VI Synaptosomal-associated protein Dynamin, Syntaxin-3 |
Antiapoptosis | Alix, Thioredoxine, Peroxidase |
Growth factors and cytokine | Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, TNF Receptors, Transforming growth factor-β |
Death receptors | FasL, TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand |
Iron transport | Transferrin receptor |
References |