Fig. 1

IVM enhances DA release independent of P2X4 receptor activation. A Representative traces of single pulse electrical evoked DA release in the DS before (left) and after (right) IVM application. B Representative color plots of DA release before (left) and after (right) IVM application. C Image showing P2X4 receptor co-localization on microglia in the DS. An antibody against P2X4 receptors was used along with Macrophage Fas-Induced Apoptosis (MaFIA) transgenic mice with GFP labeled microglia. D Ivermectin, as well as IVM with 5-BDBD increases single pulse DA release in the dorsal striatum compared to normalized ACSF release. E Ivermectin, as well as IVM with 5-BDBD does not affect DA release at multiple frequencies compared to ACSF alone. F The overall frequency response, as measured by area under the curve (AUC) of the previous figure D, is not affected by IVM or IVM with 5-BDBD. Asterisks *,*** indicate significance levels p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively compared to ACSF pre-treatment