Fig. 3

FSS impairs trophoblastic glucose uptake and expression of genes involved in the glycolytic pathway. Cells were cultured either under static or flow conditions for 24 h as indicated. qPCR (a) analysis of SLC2A1 gene expression in cells, a representative Western Blots (b) and band densitometry (c) for GLUT1 protein. Glucose consumption was determined by 2-NBDG concentration in the supernatant (d), and in cell lysates (e). qPCR analysis revealed downregulation of HK2 (f) and PFKP (g) in BeWo cells cultured under flow. Intracellular pyruvate (h) as well as intracellular (i) and released lactate (j) increased in cells in response to fluidic flow. Outlier were detected with Grubbs’ α = 0.05, normal distribution of data was analyzed with Shapiro–Wilk test. Statistical analysis was performed using one sample t-test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Values represent mean ± SEM based on experiments using three to five different cell passages