Fig. 4

The accumulation of mROS due to mitophagy inhibition increases the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. A, B WT and BNIP3-KO RAW 264.7 cells were infected with Mtb for 48 h (MOI = 1). C, D WT and BNIP3-KO RAW 264.7 cells were treated with MitoTEMPO (100 μM), a mitochondrial ROS scavenger, and then infected with Mtb at an MOI of 1 for 24 and 48 h. The analysis of proinflammatory cytokine levels was performed in macrophages at 24 and 48 h post infection. E RAW 264.7 cells were treated with MitoTEMPO (100 μM) and then infected with Mtb at an MOI of 1. Western blot analysis was performed using mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions from Mtb-infected macrophages. F RAW 264.7 cells were treated with NAC (20 mM), FM19G11 (20 μM), or MitoTEMPO (100 μM) for 1 h and then infected with Mtb at an MOI of 1 for 48 h. Data are representatives from at least three independent experiments (mean ± SD of n = 4 per group in A, B, F; n = 6 per group in C, D); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01