Table 2 Epigenomic studies focusing on non-coding RNA transcription modulation in aortic diseases
From: Multi-omics in thoracic aortic aneurysm: the complex road to the simplification
Post-transcriptional regulation of short non-coding RNA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aneurysm Type | Source | Target | Pathways | Citation | ||
Species | Samples | ncRNA | Up/Down | |||
sTAA | Human | Aortic tissue after balloon injury and VSMC | miR-21 | ↑ | Apoptosis, neointimal iperplasia and VSMC phenotypic switch | |
sTAA | Human | VSMC | miR-26a | ↓ | SMAD1/4 signalling | [96] |
sTAA | Murine | VSMC | miR-26b-5p | ↓ | TGF-β/SMAD4 signalling | [102] |
sTAA | Human | Aortic tissue | miR-29a | ↓ | ECM remodelling and degeneration | |
Murine | Aortas from aged mice, aged AngII-infused mice and Fbln4R/R | ↑ | ||||
MFS-TAA | Murine | FBNC1039G/+ mice aortic tissue | miR-29b | ↑ | ECM remodelling and degeneration, TGF-β signalling, apoptosis | |
sTAA, AAA | Rat | Atrium and cardiac fibroblasts | miR-30c-2 | ↓ | TGF-β signalling | [87] |
sTAA | Murine | Aortic tissue and EC | miR-126 | ↑ | Angiogenesis | [85] |
sTAA | Murine | Mouse and rat arteries and VSMC | miR-143/145 | ↓ | VSMC differentiation, proliferation | |
sTAA | Rat | VSMC and EC | miR-221/222 | ↑ | VSMC differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis (opposite in EC vs VSMC) | [97] |
Post-transcriptional regulation of long non-coding RNA | ||||||
 LDS-TAA | Human | Serum | AK056155 | ↑ | TGF-β signalling | [114] |
 sTAA | Human | Aortic media and HAoSMC | GIVER | ↑ | Inflammation, oxidative stress, VSMC proliferation | [109] |
 sTAA | Human | Serum | HIF1A-AS1 | ↑ | VSMC apoptosis | |
 sTAA | Human | HAoSMC | HOTAIR | ↓ | Cell proliferation | [115] |
 sTAA | Murine | ApoE−/− mice aortas | (lincRNA)-p21 | ↓ | Atherosclerotic plaques generation | [116] |
 sTAA | Human | Aortic tissue and VSMC | MALAT1 | ↑ | VSMC apoptosis | [108] |
 sTAA | Human | Coronary artery VSMC | MYOSLID | ↑ | VSMC phenotype modulation, TGF-β signalling | |
 sTAA | Human–Murine | VSMC | XIST | ↑ | VSMC apoptosis | |