Fig. 5

The inhibition effects of A. argyi, eriodictyol, and umbelliferone on the cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants. HEK-293 T cells expressing ACE2 were infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron pseudo viral variants with luciferase, including BA.1 A BA.1.1 B BA.2 C and XBB.1 D after treatments with A. argyi, eriodictyol, or umbelliferone at the indicated concentrations for 2 days, and the luciferase activities were measured to determine the infection rate with these pseudoviruses. Additionally, the cell viability also was examined in CCK-8 assays. Camostat (CAM), naphthofluorescein (NAP), and cepharanthine (CEP) were used as the positive controls for the inhibitions of TMPRSS2 and furin activities and the binding between S protein and ACE2, respectively. Data are shown as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments with triplicates. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001