Fig. 5

BMP9 inhibits ATG3 and ATG7 and thus blocks autophagy in MΦs. A BMDMs derived from the bone marrow of young and aged mice were infected with Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3 (MOI = 20) on the fifth day of culture when the cells were not fully mature and then treated with rapamycin on the seventh day of culture. Representative confocal laser microscopy images of each group. Quantitative data are shown in the right panel. B BMDMs from young and aged mice were treated with rapamycin on day 7. Representative images showing IF staining for LC3-I/II (red) and BMP9 incorporation (green) with DAPI counterstaining (blue) in each group. Quantitative data are shown in the right panel. C BMDMs derived from the bone marrow of WT and Bmp9^−/− mice were infected with Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3 (MOI = 20) on the fifth day of culture when the cells were not fully mature and then treated with rapamycin on the seventh day of culture. Representative confocal laser microscopy images of each group. Quantitative data are shown in the right panel. D Protein expression levels of ATG3, ATG7, LC3 I/II and p62 in BMDMs from WT and Bmp9.^−/− mice with or without APAP-treated AML-12 cell supernatant (Sup). E Protein expression levels of ATG3, ATG7, LC3 I/II and p62 were in BMDMs with or without Rm-BMP9 and/or Sup treatment. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001