Fig. 1

The immune landscape profiling of 12 patients with recurrent GBM. A Heatmap of the 730-gene pancancer immune panel for 12 patients. Columns represent patients and rows represent genes. Expression levels were aligned according to the functional annotation groups. Categories of response (responders, non-responders), IDH1 mutation status, and MGMT methylation status are shown. Immunohistochemical stains for CD3, CD8, and CD68 are shown as continuous variables. The mRNA expression levels of genes are represented as colors from red (upregulated, z-score 4) to blue (downregulated, z-score − 4). B Heatmap of the seven-gene signature scores of the functional annotation groups between responders and non-responders. C Volcano plot depicting 35 DEGs between the treatment response groups. D A PCA plot based on 35 DEGs. As seen by the dark gray line (PC1 score = 0.00), all patients except one were grouped separately by treatment response