Fig. 2

Roles of chromatin remodeling factors in the CNS neurodevelopment. In the CNS, neurodevelopment requires appropriate modulation, such as chromatin remodeling, to ensure that NSPCs can undergo self-renewal, differentiation, migration and ultimate maturation to produce new neurons. Representatively, during the embryonic neurogenesis, some dynamic chromatin remodeling factors would promote the proliferation and renewal of NSPC, such as increased polycomb repressive complexes EZH2, histone demethylase of H3K9me2 PHF2, CHD complexes CHD2, CHD4 and CHD8 and decreased ISWI complex SNF2L. Conversely, the downregulation of SWI/SNF complexes BAF170 and BAF155 would inhibit this process. Further, increased ISWI complex SNF2L, CHD complexes CHD7 would promote the differentiation of IPC to NB, while decreased TRRAP and increased BET proteins BRD2 would block this process. Moreover, increased DNA dioxygenases TET, SWI/SNF complex BAF100a and BAF53b, CHD complexes, including CHD3 and CHD5, would stimulate the migration and maturation of NB to neuron, while decreased SWI/SNF complexes (BAF170 and BAF155) would inhibit that. However, there are diverse CRCs involved in adult neurogenesis. For example, in addition to BAF170 and EZH2, histone acetyltransferase KAT6B, histone lysine demethylase 2 JMJD2D, histone methyltransferase MLL1 and CHD7 also positively regulate the proliferation and renewal of adult NSPC. Further, increased KAT6B and JMJD2D promote the differentiation of TAP to NB, while decreased MLL1, BAF170, CHD5 and CHD8 would block the process. In parallel, the downregulation of SWI/SNF complex BRG1 and CHD complexes, including CHD4, CHD7 and CHD8, would transform the differentiation of NSPC to glial