Fig. 6

NETs induce PCA in CVST. Control neutrophils were incubated with recombinant PF4 protein. NET structures were decorated with PS a and TF (b). The supernatant levels of PS-DNA c and TF-DNA d from neutrophils incubated with different concentrations of PF4 protein. e The levels of TAT complexes in plasma from healthy volunteers (n = 32) and patients (n = 37) were measured by ELISA. f TAT complexes were measured in peripheral blood plasma (n = 17) and the venous sinus thrombus site from the same patients (n = 17). Control plasma was incubated with isolated NETs (0.5 μg DNA/ml) and treated with lactadherin, anti-TF, and DNase I. g TAT complexes were significantly decreased after incubation with DNase I, lactadherin, and an anti-TF antibody. Statistics: Kruskal–Wallis test (c, d); Unpaired t test with Welch ‘correction (e); Wilcoxon t test (f). Brown-Forsythe and Welch’s ANOVA test (g). The inset scale bar in a and b is 20 μm. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001