Fig. 3

a Tissue-specific organoids generated from human tissue. The mimicry of in vivo conditions produced by organotypic cultures allows for different types of cellular and tissue studies. b Optimization of organoid culture techniques permits their combination and the creation of multilineage or multiorgan assembloids that facilitate the in vitro study of many more complex organ and wider body systems. Multiorgan systems may further benefit from the incorporation of emerging organ-on-a-chip approaches, an emerging technology that places biomimetic cultures in a microfluidic chip allowing the simulation of multiple organ environments at a microscale