Fig. 2
From: Diabetes as a potential compounding factor in COVID-19-mediated male subfertility
Indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility. Three interconnected pathways during COVID-19 negatively impact male fertility. Inflammation (A) and diabetes (B) each serve as a secondary factor of SARS-CoV-2 infection to independently affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis and/or testicular cells by direct impact or through other mediators. C The interaction between inflammation and diabetes exacerbates the deleterious effect of each individual perturbation, leading to male subfertility