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Fig. 3 | Cell & Bioscience

Fig. 3

From: The interplay of autophagy and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and therapy of retinal degenerative diseases

Fig. 3

Pathways involved in ROS elimination by autophagy in cells under oxidative stress. Autophagy can degrade ROS-generating organelles, including mitochondria (mitophagy) and peroxisomes (pexophagy), by binding ubiquitinated proteins to autophagy receptors (SQSTM1, NBR1 and NDP52). Autophagy also removes unfolded proteins through chaperone-mediated autophagy. In addition, autophagy activates NRF2 to induce antioxidant gene expression to eliminate excessive ROS in cells

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Cell & Bioscience

ISSN: 2045-3701

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