Table 1 Distribution and function of NPY receptor subtypes in humans

Y1

[Phe7, Pro34]NPY,

[Pro34] NPY

[Leu31, Pro34] NPY

BIBP3226, BIBO3304, GR231118,

BMS-193885, SR120819

Hypothalamus, spinal cord, tonsils, vascular smooth muscle, sympathetic nerve endings

Immunoreactivity, vasoconstriction, anxiolytic antidepressant, analgesia, antiepileptic, neuroprotection

[24]

Y2

TM30338

PYY (3–36), NPY (13–36)

JNJ-5207787, BIIE0246

T 4-[NPY 33–36]

Hippocampus, intestinal mucosa, amygdala, hypothalamus, sympathetic nerve endings, lateral nucleus, brainstem

Anxiolytic, antiepileptic, neuroprotector, appetite regulator, antinociceptive, anorexia, bone formation

[25]

Y4

1229U91,PP,

TM30338

Hypothalamus, skeletal muscle, coronary artery, pancreas, kidney, lung

Inhibits exocrine secretions, relaxes gall bladder, stimulates luteinizing hormone secretion, regulates food intake, protects neurons

[26]

Y5

[Ala 31, Aib 32] NPY

CPP1–7, NPY19–23

MK- 0557, Velneperit,

L-152,804

Central nervous system, hippocampus, hypothalamus specific areas

Excites hippocampal activity, regulates circadian rhythm, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, neuroprotection

[25, 26]