Table 1 Summary of concentration and purification methods for isolating sEVs from pancreatic cancer cells
Process | Method | Advantages | Disadvantages | Possible suggestions | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concentration | UC | High yield | High equipment cost | NA | Suitable for concentrating medium |
Co-P | Convenient | Non-exosomal contaminants | NA | NA | |
UF | Convenient | Non-exosomal contaminants | NA | NA | |
Purification | UC | High yield Feasibility | High equipment cost | Fully re-suspend the crude sEVs | NA |
SEC | High purity Up-scale isolation | Require methodological validation | Lengthen the column and increase the sepharose Slow down the flow rate Lower the temperature | NA | |
DGUC | Small EVs High purity | Require methodological study Time-consuming centrifugation High equipment cost | Pilot test for exploring suitable gradient solutions | Suitable for therapeutic study | |
IAC | Small EVs Time-saving High purity | Low yield Subtype of sEVs | Personalized customization depending on aim of study | Suitable for biomarker study |