Fig. 5

Detailed experimental protocols used in the present study. The animals were divided into seven groups: (1) WTDM group: diabetes mellitus (DM) in wild type mice; (2) PF-WTDM-L group: WTDM treated with 70 mg/kg of paeoniflorin; (3) PF-WTDM-H WTDM treated with 140 mg/kg of PF; (4) PF-WTDM-KN-93 group: KN-93 was used to treat DM mice; (5) TRPV1^−/− DM: TRPV1^−/− mice was used for the DM model; (6) PF-TRPV1^−/− DM: TRPV1^−/− DM treated with 140 mg/kg of PF; (7) PF-TRPV1^−/− DM-KN-93 group, KN-93 was used to treat TRPV1^−/− DM mice (n = 6/group)