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Meiotic recombination is initiated by Spo11-dependent programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that are preferentially concentrated within genomic regions called hotspots; however, the factor(s) that specify...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a critical metabolite that acts as a cofactor in energy metabolism, and serves as a cosubstrate for non-redox NAD+-dependent enzymes, including sirtuins, CD38 and poly(...
Ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation can lead to skin damage and premature skin aging known as photoaging. This work found that UVA irradiation caused an imbalance between dermal matrix synthesis and degradation th...
Where the gene is expressed determines the function of the gene. Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) encodes a tropic factor and is genetically linked with several neuropsychiatry diseases such as schizophrenia, bipolar disor...
. Up to 20% of people with HIV (PWH) who undergo virologically suppressed antiretroviral therapy (ART) fail to experience complete immune restoration. We recently reported that plasma anti-CD4 IgG (antiCD4IgG)...
Chronic cholestatic liver diseases, such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are associated with bile stasis and gradually progress to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver ...
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is critical for cytosolic DNA-sensing and the subsequent immune responses. The inappropriate activation of this pathway leads to DN...
Mutations in the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene result in hyper-IgE syndrome(HIES), a rare immunodeficiency that causes abnormalities in immune system, bones and teeth. However,...
Cholesterol plays a vital role in multiple physiological processes. Cellular uptake of cholesterol is mediated primarily through endocytosis of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. New modifiers of this pro...
B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is a transcription repressor that plays a tumor suppressor or promoting role in various tumors. However, its function and molecular mechanism in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Fer...
Tumor resistance is a frequent cause of therapy failure and remains a major challenge for the long-term management of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to determine the implication of the tigh...
Spermatogenesis depends on the supporting of the Sertoli cells and their communications with germ cells. However, the regulation of crosstalk between the Sertoli cells and germ cells remains unclear.
Slit and Robo are evolutionarily conserved ligand and receptor proteins, respectively, but the number of slit and robo gene paralogs varies across recent bilaterian genomes. Previous studies indicate that this li...
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are considered to be involved in several physiological and pathophysiological processes in addition to the progression of neurological disorders. However, how NMDARs are in...
The original article was published in Cell & Bioscience 2023 13:42
The ubiquitin–proteasome and autophagy-lysosomal systems collaborate in regulating the levels of intracellular proteins. Dysregulation of protein homeostasis is a central feature of malignancy. The gene encodi...
Bivalent genes, of which promoters are marked by both H3K4me3 (trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 4) and H3K27me3 (trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27), play critical roles in development and tumorig...
Transmembrane emp24 domain containing (TMED) proteins are known to play pivotal roles in normal development, but have been reported to be implicated in pancreatic disease, immune system disorders, and cancers....
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various liver diseases. However, there are no effective prevention and treatment strategies. We aimed to determine...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and recurrence lead to therapy failure, which are closely associated with the proteome. However, the role of post-translational modification (PTM) in HCC, especially f...
The aim of the present study was to elucidate the evolutionary trajectory of colon cells from normal colon mucosa, to adenoma, then to carcinoma in the same microenvironment. Normal colon, adenoma and carcinom...
Previous studies have shown that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is almost exclusively produced in the liver and reaches tissues throughout the body as a secreted protein. However, the mechanism of BMP9 ac...
Prostate cancer (PC) represents the most diagnosed and the second most lethal cancer in men worldwide. Its development and progression occur in concert with alterations in the surrounding tumor microenvironmen...
The tetraspanins (TSPANs) are a family of four-transmembrane proteins with 33 members in mammals. They are variably expressed on the cell surface, various intracellular organelles and vesicles in nearly all ce...
Fetal hypoxia causes vital, systemic, developmental malformations in the fetus, particularly in the brain, and increases the risk of diseases in later life. We previously demonstrated that fetal hypoxia exposu...
To study the protective effects of delayed remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) against spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury (SCIRI) in mice and determine whether SIRT3 is involved in this protection and ...
Sphincter dysfunction often occurs at the end of tubule organs such as the urethra, anus, or gastroesophageal sphincters. It is the primary consequence of neuromuscular impairment caused by trauma, inflammatio...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in irreversible sensory and motor disability with no effective treatment currently. After SCI, infiltrated macrophages accumulate in epicenter through destructed blood-spina...
The original article was published in Cell & Bioscience 2019 9:34
Glucose homeostasis is dependent on functional pancreatic α and ß cells. The mechanisms underlying the generation and maturation of these endocrine cells remain unclear.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a polyetiological origin. Despite the global burden of AD and the advances made in AD drug research and development, the cure of the disease remains elusive, since ...
NK cell is one of innate immune cells and can protect the body from cancer-initiating cells. It has been reported that GPR116 receptor is involved in inflammation and tumors. However, the effect of GPR116 recepto...
Breast cancer (BC) metastasis is the leading cause of poor prognosis and therapeutic failure. However, the mechanisms underlying cancer metastasis are far from clear.
Itaconate, a crucial immunometabolite, plays a critical role in linking immune and metabolic functions to influence host defense and inflammation. Due to its polar structure, the esterified cell-permeable deri...
Parkin dysfunction associated with the progression of parkinsonism contributes to a progressive systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density. However, the role of parkin in bone remodeli...
Sex differences in susceptibility, severity, and progression are prevalent for various diseases in multiple organ systems. This phenomenon is particularly apparent in respiratory diseases. Asthma demonstrates ...
Sepsis-associated AKI has been shown to be related to sepsis mortality. Macrophage activation and endothelial cell damage are involved in the progression of sepsis-associated AKI, but the specific mechanisms a...
About 10–20% of patients with bladder cancer (BC) progress to muscle-invasive diseases, of which the underlying key molecular events have yet to be addressed.
In recent years, progress in nanotechnology provided new tools to treat cancer more effectively. Advances in biomaterials tailored for drug delivery have the potential to overcome the limited selectivity and s...
The Correction to this article has been published in Cell & Bioscience 2023 13:104
Fibrosis is a pathological wound healing process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition, which interferes with normal organ function and contributes to ~ 45% of human mortality. Fibrosis de...
Oligodendrocytes have robust regenerative ability and are key players in remyelination during physiological and pathophysiological states. However, the mechanisms of brain microenvironmental cue in regulation ...
The Correction to this article has been published in Cell & Bioscience 2023 13:68
The placenta, as a unique exchange organ between mother and fetus, is essential for successful human pregnancy and fetal health. Preeclampsia (PE) caused by placental dysfunction contributes to both maternal a...
Animal regeneration is the natural process of replacing or restoring damaged or missing cells, tissues, organs, and even entire body to full function. Studies in mammals have revealed that many organs lose reg...
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor of the genitourinary system. Clinical intervention in advanced PCa remains challenging. Tropomyosins 2 (TPM2) are actin-binding proteins and have been found as...
This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) progression and metastasis, and to discern their biological functions.
Macro-autophagy/Autophagy is an evolutionarily well-conserved recycling process to maintain the balance through precise spatiotemporal regulation. However, the regulatory mechanisms of biomolecular condensates...
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, frequently accompanied by metastasis and aerobic glycolysis. Cancer cells adjust their metabolism by modulating the PKM alternative s...
Cell cycle regulators act as inhibitors or activators to prevent cancerogenesis. It has also been established that they can play an active role in differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, and other cell process...
Autosomal dominant lateral temporal epilepsy (ADLTE) is an inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) gene. It is known that functional LGI1 is secreted by excitator...