Table 1 Cas species and their variants
From: The applications of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in genetic hearing loss
Cas | Species | Size of cDNA (kb) | PAM sequence | Refs. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cas9 | SpCas9 | Streptococcus pyogenes | 4.1 | 5′-NGG-3′ | [41] |
dCas9 |  | 4.1 | 5′-NGG-3′ | [42] | |
SpCas9-EQR |  | 4.1 | 5′-NGAG-3′ | ||
SpCas9-VQR |  | 4.1 | 5′-NGA-3′ | ||
SpCas9-VRER | Â | 4.1 | 5'-NGCG-3' | [44] | |
SpCas9-HF1 |  | 4.1 | 5′-NGG-3′ | [45] | |
SpCas9-NG |  | 4.1 | 5′-NG-3′ | [46] | |
SpCas9-NGv1 |  | 4.1 | 5′-NG-3′ | [47] | |
eSpCas9(1.1) |  | 4.1 | 5′-NGG-3′ | [48] | |
HypaCas9 |  | 4.1 | 5′-NGG-3′ | [49] | |
xCas9 |  | 4.6 | 5′-NG, NAA, or NGT-3′ | [50] | |
SaCas9 | Staphylococcus aureus | 3.16 | 5′-NNGRRT-3′ (R = A or G) | [51] | |
SaCas9-KKH |  | 3.16 | 5′-NNNRRT-3′ | [52] | |
St1Cas9 | Streptococcus thermophilus | 3.4 | 5′-NNAGAAW-3′ (W = A or T) | [53] | |
ScCas9 | Streptococcus canis | 4.1 | 5′-NNG-3′ | [54] | |
SpyCas9 | Streptococcus pyogenes | 4.1 | 5′-NAA-3′ | [55] | |
SmacCas9 | Streptococcus macacae | 4.0 | 5′-NAAN-3′ | [56] | |
iSpyMac Cas9 |  | / | 5′-NAA-3′ | [56] | |
CjCas9 | Campylobacter jejuni | 2.95 | 5′-N4RYAC-3′ (R = A or G, Y = C or T) | [57] | |
CjCas9-VPR |  | 3.6 | 5′-N4ACAC-3′ | [58] | |
NmeCas9 | Neisseria meningitidis | 3.24 | 5′-N4GATT-3′ | [59] | |
Nme2Cas9 |  |  | 5′-N4CC-3′ | [60] | |
FnCas9 | Francisella novicida | 4.9 | 5′-NGG-3′ | [61] | |
RHA FnCas9 |  | 4.9 | 5′-YG-3′ | [61] | |
BlatCas9 | Brevibacillus laterosporus | 3.28 | 5′-N4CNAA-3′ | [62] | |
Cas12 | AsCas12a | Acidaminococcus sp. BV3L6 | 3.9 | 5′-TTTV-3′ (V = A, C, and G) | [63] |
enAsCas12a |  | 3.9 | 5′-TTTV-3′ | [64] | |
LbCas12a | Lachnospiraceae bacterium ND2006 | 3.7 | 5′-TTTV-3′ | [63] | |
LbCas12a-RVR |  | 3.7 | 5′-TATV-3′ | [65] | |
LbCas12a-RR |  | 3.7 | 5′-TYCV-3′ | [65] | |
FnCas12a | Francisella tularensis subsp. novicida U112 | 3.9 | 5′-TTTV-3′, 5′-TATV-3′, and 5′-TYCV-3′ | ||
|  | AaCas12b | Alicyclobacillus acidiphilus | 3.4 | 5′-TTN-3′ | [69] |
|  | AacCas12b | Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris | 3.4 | 5′-TTN-3′ | [69] |
|  | BthCas12b | Bacillus thermoamylovorans | 3.3 | 5′-ATTN-3′ | [70] |
|  | BhCas12b v4 | Bacillus hisashii | 3.3 | 5′-ATTN-3′ | [71] |
|  | Cas12c | / | 3.8 | 5′-TN-3′ | [72] |
|  | Cas12d (formerly CasX) | Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) bacteria | 3.8 | 5′-TR-3′ | [73] |
|  | Cas12e (formerly CasX) | Deltaproteobacteria | 3.0 | 5′-TTCN-3′ | [74] |
|  | Un1Cas12f1 | uncultured archaeon | 1.6 | 5′-TTTG-3′ | [75] |
| Â | AsCas12f1 | Acidibacillus sulfuroxidans | 1.3 | 5'-YTTN-3' | [76] |
| Â | Cas12g | / | 2.3 | / | [72] |
|  | Cas12h | / | 2.6 | 5′-RTR-3′ | [72] |
|  | Cas12i | / | 3.2 | 5′-TTN-3′ | [72] |
|  | Cas12j | bacteriophages | 2.3 | 5′-TTN-3′ | [77] |
Cas13 | LbuCas13a | Leptotrichia buccalis | 3.5 | / | [78] |
LwaCas13a | Leptotrichia wadei | 3.5 | / | [79] | |
LshCas13a | Leptotrichia shahii | 4.1 | / | [80] | |
LbaCas13a | Lachnospiraceae bacterium | 4.3 | / | [81] | |
Cas13b1 | Bergeyella zoohelcum ATCC 43767 | 3.4 | / | [82] | |
Cas13b2 | Prevotella buccae ATCC 33574 | 3.8 | / | [82] | |
dPspCas13b | Prevotella sp. P5–125 | 3.0 | / | [83] | |
Cas13c | / | 3.3 | / | [84] | |
EsCas13d | Eubacterium siraeum | 2.8 | / | [85] | |
RspCas13d | Ruminococcus sp. | 2.8 | / | [85] | |
RfxCas13d(CasRx) | Ruminococcus flavefaciens XPD3002 | 2.9 | / | [86] | |
Cas13X | / | 2.3 | / | [87] | |
Cas13X.1 | Â | 2.3 | / | [87] | |
Cas13Y | / | 2.4 | / | [87] | |