Fig. 1
From: The applications of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in genetic hearing loss
CRISPR/Cas9 mechanism. A Cas9 nuclease combines with a sgRNA to create a DSB in the targeted DNA sequence, which can be repaired by NHEJ or HDR. B Fusing an effector domain to dCas9 will regulate target gene expression. C CBEs or ABEs are engineered by fusing a nCas9 and a single-stranded DNA modifying enzyme, which are used to induce a C to T transversion or an A to G transversion. PEs encompass an engineered reverse transcriptase, a nCas9, and a pegRNA, which are the ability to generate the permanent incorporation of the desired edit into target DNA