Fig. 4

PI3Kγ deficiency abolished the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin activation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs induced by EF stimulation. A–D. EF stimulation failed to increase the Akt and GSK-3β (Ser9) phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear expression in PI3Kγ^−/− NSCs. E–F. EF stimulation showed no effect on expression of MAP2 or GFAP in PI3Kγ^−/− NSCs. G-J. EF stimulation failed to increase the Akt and GSK-3β (Ser9) phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear expression in PI3Kγ^KD/KD NSCs. K, L. EF stimulation showed no effect on expression of MAP2 or GFAP in PI3Kγ^KD/KD NSCs. M. Schematic diagram: PI3Kγ was required in EF stimulation induced PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway activation and neuronal differentiation in NSCs. Scale bars: 20 μm. * P < 0.05 was considered as significantly different between EF and NoEF groups