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Table 1 Role of inflammatory mediators in acetaminophen induced live injury

From: The immunological mechanisms and therapeutic potential in drug-induced liver injury: lessons learned from acetaminophen hepatotoxicity

Cytokines category

Name

Intervention means

Performance

Ending

Refs

IL-1 family

IL-1R

IL-1R deficient mice or antagonists

Decrease

Attenuate inflammatory response

[55, 179]

IL-18

Treatment with benzyl alcohol and TLR4 knockdown mice

Decrease

Protective role

[180]

IL-18 binding protein

Decrease

Protective role

[181]

IL-33

IL-33 deficient mice

Decrease

Aggravate inflammatory response

[33, 183]

Blocking IL-33/IL1RL1 axis

Decrease

Attenuate APAP-mediated organ injury

[74]

IL-36γ

IL-36 receptor antagonist

Decrease

Aggravate liver injury

[184]

IL-2 family

IL-4

IL-4 deficient mice

Decrease

Protective role

[188]

IL-13

IL-13 deficient mice

Decrease

Protective role

[187]

IL-15

IL-15 knockout mice

Decrease

Increase susceptibility

[190]

IL-6 family

IL-6

IL-6 deficient mice

Decrease

Increase susceptibility

[193]

IL-10 family

IL-10

IL-10 knockdown mice

Decrease

Increase susceptibility

[197, 198]

SOCS2 knockout mice

Decrease

Enlarge injury site

[200]

IL-22

In vitro prophylactic injection of IL-22

Increase

Promote hepatocyte proliferation

[174]

IL-22 binding protein

Decrease

Improve inflammatory response

[202]

IL-17 family

IL-17

IL-17 knockdown mice

Decrease

Attenuate hepatotoxicity

[159]

Other interleukin cytokines

IL-11

Deleting IL-11RA1 in hepatocytes/knockdown IL-11 in mice

Decrease

Inhibit hepatocyte death

[215]

rhIL-11

In vitro injection

Increase

Protective role

[217]

TNF

TNF-α

TNF-α or TNF- R1 deficient mice

Decrease

Attenuate hepatotoxicity

[219,220,221,222,223]

TNF-α, TGF-β

NTPDase2 deficient mice

Increase

Aggravate inflammatory response

[232]

Interferon

IFN-1

Interferon α/β receptor deficient mice

Decrease

Delay APAP-mediated liver injury

[236]

IFN-1R deficient mice

Decrease

Express iNOS impair

[237]

IFN-γ

IFN-γ deficient mice

Decrease

Reduce susceptibility

[111]

5-lipoxygenase knockout mice

Decrease

Attenuate liver disease

[233]

MIF knockout mice

Decrease

Attenuate liver disease

[234]

Pretreatment anti-IFN-γ antibody in CCR2 deficient mice

Decrease

Attenuate liver disease

[111]

Growth factor

TGF-β1

GW788388

Decrease

Ameliorates hepatocyte inflammation

[245]

Chemokine family

IL-8

GRPR antagonists

Decrease

Reduce neutrophil activation

[258]

CCR2

CCR2 deficient mice

Decrease

Increase susceptibility

[246, 248]

CXCL16

CXCL16 deficiency mice

Decrease

Reduce neutrophil infiltration

[38]

CCL2, CCL3

Galectin-3 knockout mice

Decrease

Reduce CD11b+/Ly6Chi macrophages

[254]

Inflammasome

NALP3

ASC/ NALP3/caspase1 deficient

Decrease

Disease manifestations were not significantly change

[265]