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Fig. 4 | Cell & Bioscience

Fig. 4

From: An increase in Semaphorin 3A biases the axonal direction and induces an aberrant dendritic arborization in an in vitro model of human neural progenitor differentiation

Fig. 4

NP exposed to media from microglia overexpressing Sema 3A cover a larger distance than controls and activate a neuroinflammatory pathway. A Representative picture of neuronal survival 60 min and 180 min after Sema 3A media exposure. Scale bar: 20 µm. The quantitative analysis of DAPI positive nuclei is reported in C. Data are the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons. ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. B Representative contrast microscopy images of axonal retraction extracted from live imaging analysis (see Additional File 3, 4, 5, live imaging videos) in NP 30 and 60 min after Sema 3A, Ctrl, and GFP media exposure. Scale bar: 20 µm. D Covered distance of NP 60 min after Sema 3A media exposure as well as GFP or control microglia media calculated from live imaging analysis. Data are mean ± SEM of three different experiments, N = 3 (5 neurons for each experimental point in triplicate). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons. **P < 0.01. TNFα E and iNOS F WB analyses on NP after 60 min exposure to Sema 3A, GFP or Ctrl microglia media. Figure is representative of six different experiments. Optical density (OD) analysis is reported below. Data are mean ± SEM of six different experiments and are expressed as % of Ctrl. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 vs Sema 3A

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