Table 2 Anti-aging effects of multiple drugs and molecules in atherosclerosis

Quercetin

Reduce lipid accumulation and senescence phenotype

[165]

Metformin

Inhibiting the inflammation, oxidative stress, foam cell formation and apoptosis of macrophages

[166]

GCV

decreased expression of MMPs linked to plaque destabilization

[17]

Statins

Accelerating DNA damage repair; suppressing oxidative stress

[59, 167]

Bradykinin

Protects ECs from superoxide-induced senescence

[168]

Fisetin

Regulating lipid metabolism; anti-aging; anti-oxidation; anti-inflammatory

[169]

ABT-263

Eliminate senescent cells

[17]

Dasatinib + quercetin (D + Q)

Reduces the number of senescent VSMCs; reduced aortic calcification

[170]

Resveratrol

Prevent ROS-induced senescence in vascular cells

[114]

Nicotinamide mononucleotide

Reduce the NAD depletion; reduce vascular aging

[171]

Ethanol

Resisting endothelial senescence and the SASP inflammatory factor secretion

[172]

Sirtuin 6

Preserved telomere integrity; delayed cellular senescence; reduced inflammatory cytokine expression

[173]

TRF2

Regulate VSMCs senescence; increased the fibrous cap area; reduced core size

[174]

Pin1

rescued cellular senescence in atherosclerotic VSMCs

[175]