Fig. 1

hADSCs are gradually induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells characterized by neuronal marker staining and action potentials. A Shows the variance in morphology and neuronal marker expression during stepwise induction from 0 to 48 h. B Shows that some functional neuronal markers could be detected and were distributed within the cell soma on day 3 (D3). C shows that hADSCs could be induced to differentiate into relatively mature neurons with complex neurites and neurotransmitters on Day 6 (D6). D Shows the cell morphological variance diagram (D-a), the change in the positive expression ratio over time for various neuronal markers (D-b) and the action potentials measured by whole-cell patch clamping on D6. n = 5, Scale bar = 50 μm in A-B, Scale bar = 25 μm in C