Table 1 Potential use of EV-DNA as a biomarker for cancer

Cancer

 Melanoma

Cell lines preclinical mice model

UC

exo/dsDNA

EGFR and BRAF

[9]

 Pancreatic cancer

Plasma

UC

exo/dsDNA

KRAS, p53

[8]

 Pancreatic cancer

Plasma

UC

exo/dsDNA

KRAS, p53

[90, 91]

 Pancreatic cancer

Plasma

Microfluidic platform

ev*/DNA*

KRAS

[92]

 Pancreatic cancer

Serum

UC

exo/DNA*

KRAS

[93]

 Pancreatic cancer

Seum and plasma

ExoEasy Maxi Kit UC

exo/DNA*

KRAS

[94]

 Glioma

Small cohort

UC

ev*/DNA*

Multiple mutations

[95]

 Glioblastoma multiforme

Cell lines

PEG-NaCl precipitation

exo/DNA*

NANOGP8 ^a

[96]

 Osteosarcoma

Serum

PEG precipitation SEC

ev*/DNA*

Repetitive element DNAs

[38]

 Acute myeloid leukemia

Plasma

UC

ev*/dsDNA

[97]

 Urothelial bladder carcinoma

Clinical study/urine

ExoQuick-TC ^c

exo/DNA*

Multiple mutations and CNVs ^b

[98]

 Non-small cell lung cancer

Plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

UC

ev*/DNA*

EGFR

[99]

 Lung adenocarcinoma

Malignant pleural effusions

ExoQuick-TC ExoLution plus isolation kit

exo/dsDNA

EGFR

[100, 101]

 Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas

Serum preclinic

UC

exo/dsDNA

Multiple

[102]

 Ovarian cancer

Plasma

miRCURY ™ kit ^c

Exo/mtDNA

Copy number of mtDNA

[103]

Other conditions

 Tuberculosis

Clinical specimens

ExoQuick™

exo/DNA*

MTB-specific IS6110

[104]

 Fetal trisomy

Plasma

ExoQuick™

ev*/DNA*

Trisomies, and de novo FGFR3 mutations

[105]