Fig. 9
The mechanism of anoikis resistance induced by SiO2-mediated pulmonary inflammation in fibroblasts. In fibroblasts exposed to SiO2, adhesion to the ECM was weakened, and detachment occurred. In addition, the prosurvival PI3K/MAPK signaling pathway was activated, which subsequently led to increased ZC3H4 expression, enhancing anoikis resistance in fibroblasts. Apoptotic resistance of fibroblasts and activation of differentiated myofibroblasts resulted in increased proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis