Fig. 4

Propranolol pretreatment affected the expression of viral proteins and interferon responsive genes. A Western blotting of viral proteins in HGC-27 cells. After 48 h incubation with or without 40 μmol/l propranolol, cells were infected with 0.01 MOI of T1012G. Cells were harvested at indicated time points and subjected to western blotting analysis using antibodies specific to these different stages of viral proteins. The GAPDH was used as a loading control. ICP, infected-cell protein. D The expression and phosphorylation of interferon responsive gene was measured at 0, 9 and 20 h after T1012G treatment by western blotting. G Cells were pretreated with 40 μmol/l propranolol for 48 h and then infected with 0.01 MOI of virus. Cells were harvested after T1012G treatment for 20 h. I Cells were treated with 40 μmol/l propranolol and 0.01 MOI of virus for 20 h. Cells were harvested after cotreatment for 20 h. K Cells were infected with 0.01 MOI of virus for 8 h and then treated with 40 μmol/l propranolol for 12 h. Cells were harvested after T1012G treatment for 20 h. B and C, E and F, H, J, L Quantification of A, D, G, I, K. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, significant differences were evaluated using unpaired t-test or one-way ANOVA. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. T1012 only (unpaired t-test). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ****P < 0.0001 (Tukey test for multiple comparisons or Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test)