Fig. 2

PARP11 suppresses ZIKV replication in vitro. a, b PARP11-overexpressing or control vector-transfected A549 cells were infected with ZIKV. Viral accumulation after 48 h in the culture supernatants (a) and cell lysates (b) were measured by plaque assay (a) or qRT-PCR (b). PFU, plaque-forming unites. c, d WT or PARP11^−/− A549 cells were infected with ZIKV. Viral accumulation after 48 h in the culture supernatants (c) and cell lysates (d) were measured by plaque assay (c) or qRT-PCR (d). e, f Growth curve of ZIKV in PARP11-overexpressing or control vector-transfected A549 cells (e) and WT or PARP11^−/− A549 cells (f). qRT-PCR and viral titers data (a–f) are mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001 by Student’s t test