Fig. 2

Overexpression of ATPIF1 restore cell proliferation, junction and migration which was impaired by CCM3-knockdown. a The changes of already proved signaling pathways in HUVECs after siCCM3 with siS100A11 or oeATPIF1 treatment. b EdU staining in HUVECs after siRNA or overexpression treatment, scale bar, 50 μm. c Immunofluorescence images about tight junction and adherent junction changes in HDMECs after siCCM3 with oeATPIF1 treatment, and the percentages of disrupted tight junctions (TJs) and adherent junctions (AJs) (3 random microscope fields were used for quantification). HUVECs monolayer migration assay (d) and Matrigel based tube formation assay (e) after siCCM3 and oeATPIF1 treatment, migration area or total branches length was measured by Image J (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Scale bar, 50 μm