Fig. 4

Macrophage-specific Fpn1 deficiency exacerbates foam cell formation and proinflammatory cytokine expression. a Representative images of DAB-enhanced Perls’ Prussian blue staining for iron. b Oil red O-stained images. c Determination of cellular total and esterified cholesterol contents. d Secreted TNF-α and IL-1β levels in culture medium. Cell treatments for A–D: peritoneal cavity-derived macrophages, referred to as peritoneal macrophages, were incubated with oxLDL (50 μg/mL) in the presence or absence of DFP (50 μM) for 48 h. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM; n = 6. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. ***P < 0.001 Apoe^−/−Fpn1^LysM/LysM vs. Apoe^−/−, ^††P < 0.01 and ^†††P < 0.01 Apoe^−/−Fpn1^LysM/LysM + DFP vs. Apoe^−/−Fpn1^LysM/LysM. FAC ferric ammonium citrate, DFP deferiprone, oxLDL oxidized low-density lipoprotein