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Table 1 Animal studies regarding the functions of NSAIDs in bone remodeling and fracture healing

From: Dose-dependent roles of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in abnormal bone remodeling and skeletal regeneration

Category

NSAIDs

Dosage

Model

Function

Refs.

COX-2 inhibitor

Celecoxib

3, 10, 50 mg/kg/day

Mice

No effect on fracture healing

[92, 93]

10 mg/kg/day

Rat

No effect on fracture consolidation

[98]

2, 3, 4, 6, 8 mg/kg/day

Rat

Inhibit fracture consolidation with all doses over time course

[95,96,97,98]

1 mg/kg

Rat

No effect on fracture consolidation

[99]

Acetic acid

Diclofenac

1, 2 mg/kg/day

Rat

No effect on fracture healing

[100]

Etodolac

20 mg/kg/day

Rat

Inhibits fracture consolidation

[101]

Indomethacin

2 mg/kg/day

Rat

Inhibits bone remodeling

[101]

Short-term

Rat

Inhibits fracture consolidation

[102]

Propionic acid

Ibuprofen

30 mg/kg/day

Mice

No effect on fracture healing

[103]

30 mg/kg/day

Rat

No effect on fracture consolidation

[104]

30 mg/kg/day

Rat

Inhibits fracture consolidation

[105]

7.5, 17, 34 mg/kg/day

Rabbit

Inhibits fracture healing with dose response

[83]

Naproxen

4–28 mg/L

Rat

Inhibit osteoclastic activity and bone resorption

[106]

100 mg/L

Rat

Prevents transient loss of bone mass and structural deterioration

[107]

10 mg/kg/day

Rat

No effect on BMD and biomechanical properties of spine and femur

[108]

  1. NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, BMD bone mineral density