Fig. 8

Phenotypes and reproduction of Radopholus similis after RNAi. a Reproductive rates of R. similis extracted from carrot disks at 50 days after inoculation with 30 females. CK: untreated nematodes; G12-G48: nematodes treated with non-endogenous egfp dsRNA for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h, respectively; R12–R48: nematodes treated with Rs-cps dsRNA for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h, respectively. The bars indicate the standard errors of the mean (n = 5) and different letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between treatments. b, c The phenotypic observation of R. similis. Nematodes were soaked in Rs-cps dsRNA (b) and non-endogenous egfp dsRNA solutions (c) for 36 h