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Fig. 2 | Cell & Bioscience

Fig. 2

From: Circulating tumor DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma: trends and challenges

Fig. 2

Monitoring response and relapse of HCC patients with targeted therapies by ctDNA detection. From early stage lesion to late phase of carcinogenesis, an excess of apoptotic cell death, as occurs in large and rapidly proliferating HCC tumors (solid line), can lead to an increase of ctDNA levels in plasma (dash line). Moreover, the levels of ctDNA correlate well with HCC progression as well as various therapy including surgical resection, local ablation, TACE and targeted molecular therapy

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