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Fig. 1 | Cell & Bioscience

Fig. 1

From: Circulating tumor DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma: trends and challenges

Fig. 1

ctDNA release and extraction in HCC patients. ctDNA is released from HCC cells undergoing apoptosis or necrosis and can be extracted from a blood sample. Genetic and epigenetic aberrations in ctDNA can be detected and quantified. These genetic alterations include mutations, rearrangements, methylation, microsatellite alteration and integrated viral DNA. The detection of these alterations in the background of “normal” cfDNA molecules in principle offers a higher diagnostic specificity in comparison with only quantitative measurement of total cfDNA alone

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