On the way of revealing coactivator complexes cross-talk during transcriptional activation

Cell & Bioscience

Table 1 Deposition of specific covalent histone modifications at particular stages of the transcription activation cycle

Type of modification	Stage of transcription cycle	Real or predicted effect on transcription activation	References
Methylation
H3K4Me3	Repressor removal	Stabilization of NURF complex at the promoter	[9]
	GTFs recruitment	Stabilization of TFIID, enhances PIC formation and promoter clearance	[19–21]
	Productive elongation	Promotion of elongation at ATX1/AtCOMPASS–like regulated genes	[22, 32]
H3R17Me2	Activator recruitment	Association of TBP and TFIIA, definition of transcriptionally engaged promoter	[15, 16]
H3K36Me3	Productive elongation	Maintenance of hyper-phosphorylated Pol II, hypo-acetylation of the coding region	[31, 32]
H3K36Me3		Suppression of histone exchange, regulation of alternative splicing
H4R3Me2	Activator recruitment	Mobilization of the HATs and HMTs, definition of transcriptional competence	[15, 16]
Acetylation
H3K9Ac	GTFs recruitment	Stabilization of TFIID	[20, 29, 30]
H3K14Ac	Activator recruitment	Mobilization of the HATs and HMTs; TFIID recruitment	[15, 20, 29]
H4R3Ac	Activator recruitment	Mobilization of the HATs and HMTs	[15]
H4K16Ac	GTFs recruitment	Stabilization of TFIID	[15]
Phosphorylation
H1P	Repressor removal	Removal of histone H1 from the promoter	[9]
H3S10P	Repressor removal	Participation in primary rounds of chromatin remodeling	[9]
H3S10P	Productive elongation	Facilitation of RNAP II release from promoter-proximal pausing	[33]
Ubiquitination
H2BK120Ub	Transcription repression	Stabilization of promoter nucleosomes	[37]
H2BK120Ub	Productive elongation	Stimulation of the Pol II elongation	[34–36]

ISSN: 2045-3701