Figure 2
From: The regulation of cellular metabolism by tumor suppressor p53
p53 negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT and mTOR pathways to down-regulate glycolysis. The PI3K/AKT and mTOR pathways play critical roles in stimulating glycolysis in tumors. p53 negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT signaling through inducing the expression of IGF-BP3 and PTEN. p53 also negatively regulates mTOR activity through inducing the expression of AMPK-β, Sestrins 1/2, TSC2 and REDD1.