Fig. 1

Illustration of cellular communication networks between tumor cells and TAMs in the low-grade glioma microenvironment. a scRNA-seq analysis of glioma patients. UMAP projection of 17,687 single cells isolated from tumor tissues, coloured by graph-based cell clusters and inferred cell types. b Volcano plot showing significantly upregulated or downregulated genes in each cluster, with the top three markers for each cluster highlighted. c UMAP projection of 17,687 single cells coloured according to automated cell type annotation by “ScType”. d Heatmap revealing the major MIF, THY1, ANGPTL, SPP1, GALECTIN and PDGF signals that significantly contribute to outgoing or incoming signaling for specific cell groups. e, g, i Chord plots and heatmaps showing significantly interacting pathways and communication probabilities of MIF (e), THY1 (g) and ANGPTL (i) pathways between tumor cells and TAMs in glioma TME. f, h, j Circle and violin plots depicting ligand-receptor pairs in each pathway and their respective expression patterns in each cell cluster