Fig. 4

Effect of BBR on hepatic inflammation in Mdr2^−/− mice. a Representative immunoblot images of phosphorylated (p)-nuclear factor (NF)-κB/p65, total NF-κB/p65, and loading control β-Actin are shown. b The relative protein level of p-NF-κB/p65, normalized to total NF-κB/p65. c Relative mRNA levels of inflammation-related genes implicated in cholestatic liver injury, including Mcp-1(Ccl2), Ccr2, Cxcl1, IL-1α, IL-1β, Jun, Fos, Vcam-1, Cd86, Casp 4, Cd83 and Sell, normalized with HPRT1 as an internal control. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance relative to Control group: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (n = 9–12)