Table 2 3D in vitro cell culture models for drug-induced nephrotoxicity testing
From: Precision nephrotoxicity testing using 3D in vitro models
3D model | Cell Types | Cell number | Drugs and dose | Treatment time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Spheroids | Rptec-tert1 | 6.5*105 cells/mL | Cadmium chloride (55 µM) Cisplatin (50 µM) | 48 h |
Organoids | Pluripotent stem cell | 500–800 organoids/well | Cisplatin (50 µM) | 7 days |
Cell-scaffold construct | Urine-derived stem cells | 5 × 105 cells | Zalcitabine (10 μM) | 6 weeks |
Microfluidic devices | Proximal tubule cells, microvascular endothelial cells | 7.5 × 104 cells | Cisplatin (400 μM) Cyclosporine (450 μM) | 24 h |
Bioprinting technology | Renal epithelial cell | 34 × 106 cells | Cisplatin (100 μM) | 48 h |
Co-culture Models | renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, peritubular capillary endothelial cells | 5 × 105/mL | Cisplatin (40 μmol/L), Gentamycin (40 μmol/L), Cyclosporin A (40 μmol/L) | 1, 4, and 7 days |