Fig. 3

Drug-induced cytotoxicity assay on 3D kidney organoids with induced USC (p3). Three days after treatment with 1% acetone and cisplatin (200 μm/ml), approximately two-thirds of the cells exhibited apoptotic or necrotic cell death. Dead cells were subsequently washed away during media change, resulting in a visible loss of cells on the staining slide. Nephrotoxicity was assessed using Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM1) levels after 3 days of exposure to cisplatin and acetone (n = 6). Data in graphs are expressed as mean ± SD. Immunofluorescence analysis using the R9 KIM-1 antibody (red) shows the expression of the target protein in USCs. The nuclei were stained with 4,6-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI, blue)