Fig. 1From: Unraveling the 2,3-diketo-l-gulonicĀ acid-dependent and -independent impacts of l-ascorbic acid on somatic cell reprogrammingThe metabolites of Asc regulate reprogramming differentially. A Schematic illustration of the time course of reprogramming with AscPNa, DHAA, DKG, THR, ERY, or OXA. B Reprogramming efficiency was assessed by monitoring the number of Oct4-GFP+ colonies generated in response to 160Ā Ī¼M AscPNa, DHAA, DKG, THR, ERY, and OXA treatment during reprogramming. CāD Protein C and mRNA D levels of pluripotency markers were determined in iPSC colonies generated with DHAA or DKG treatment. EāF The effects of 160Ā Ī¼M AscPNa and DKG on cell amounts E and the correlation between the number of Oct4-GFP+ colonies and cell cycle divisions F during reprogramming. GāH Different concentrations of AscPNa, DHAA, DKG, THR, ERY, and OXA were used during reprogramming, and the number of Oct4-GFP+ colonies was assessed on Day 14 with AscPNa and DHAA G and on Day 20 with DKG, THR, ERY, and OXA H. IāJ The impact of different concentrations of AscPNa, DHAA, DKG, and OXA on cell proliferation I and apoptosis induction J in MEFs. All experiments were conducted at least five times (nāā„ā5). Statistical significance is indicated as follows: * Pā<ā0.05, ** Pā<ā0.01, and *** Pā<ā0.001 compared to the control group or between the indicated groups. Error bars represent standard deviation. Additional statistical information is provided in Additional file 4: Table S3. For related information, see also Additional file 1: Figure S1Back to article page